Position of water supply in towns, civil sub-divisions: Public Health Engineering Department

Position of Water Supply in Towns, Civil Sub-divisions

1. Shillong

1. Water is supplied in Shillong municipality area from :-
(i) Municipal Sources and
(ii) Greater Shillong water supply scheme (G.S.W.S.S.)
Outside Shillong Municipality area but within Shillong urban Agglomeration, water is supplied from the following water supply schemes, which were implemented & being maintained by PHED: -
(i) Mawlai Umsohlang WSS for Mawlai.
(ii) Pynthorumkhrah WSS for Pynthorumkhrah.
(iii) Umkhen WSS & Lum Demthring for Nongthymmai area.
(iv) Nongmynsong WSS for Nongmynsong area.

The following water supply schemes in Shillong Urban agglomeration were implemented by PHED but maintenance is done by the local committee.
(i) Madanrting WSS for Madanrting area.
(ii) Pohkseh WSS & Lawjynriew Lumiablot WSS for Nongthymmai area.
In Mawlai &Nonthymmai area, supply is also made from GSWSS. In areas outside Shillong Municipality, the supply position is more or less adequate & since one single agency i.e. PHED is looking after the operation, there is no problem encountered in day to day maintaining the supply.
2. For Shillong Municipal area, Shillong Municipal Board (SMB) is generating and distributing water to Shillong from Seven Municipal Sources including day to day maintenance of the system. The Quantity of water available from the sources is about 0.7 MGD ,which is reducing due to deforestation etc. PHE Dept. has taken up scheme for integration of Municipal sources in which tapping points have been repaired, damaged pipeline etc replaced, new STCs & treatment Plants constructed. In few cases these works are at final stages of completion. By taking up of these measures, discharge from all the sources have increased significantly.
3. The responsibility of P.H.E.D. in Shillong Municipality area is to generate required quantity of water from Greater Shillong water supply scheme at Mawphlang Treatment Plant and release to 13 Zonal Reservoirs located in different parts of Shillong City for distribution of water to consumers. The water distribution system is designed for drawal of individual house connection from the common point provided in the distribution network. However, presently water is supplied through zonal reservoirs. With the completion of the Dam, the problem of pumping water due to low water level during dry season has been solved. Further with the construction of the Dam, sufficient water has been impounded for pumping throughout the year.
4. The Water infrastructure available at present for Shillong City from Greater Shillong Water Supply Scheme is approximately 11.3 MGD and 0.7 MGD from Municipal Sources, totaling to 12 MGD

Position of Water Supply in Shillong town

2.Tura

Tura town is presently supplied water from two schemes namely (1) Tura Phase-I WSS (2) Tura Phase-II WSS.

Tura Phase-I is gravity feed scheme from Rongkhon River and completed in 1972 at a cost of Rs.79.35 Lakhs. Due to reduction in discharge of Rongkhon source, especially during dry periods, Tura Phase-II WSS, a pumping scheme from Ganol River, was taken up in the year 1980. The scheme was commissioned in 1985 at a cost of Rs.482.00 Lakhs. Both the schemes are functioning & presently approx.3.1 MGD of water is generated from the schemes.

To cater to the drinking water needs of 37 new localities which have come up in and around New Tura, which are without water supply Tura Phase-III WSS was formulated and was technically cleared by the Ministry of Urban Development & Poverty Alleviation, CPHEEO, New Delhi on 7.10.2002 for an amount of Rs.2160.24 Lakhs. The scheme has been included by DONER (Dept. for development of NorthEastern Region) for funding under Non Lapsable Central Pool of Resources (NLCPR) during 2002-03. The works for the scheme has since completed.

Augmentation of Tura Phase-I & II WSS was Sanctioned for funding under 13th Finance Commission at a Cost of ₹ 50.00 crores in 2011, with source of supply from Daribok Stream. The Scheme is intended to augment the water supply to Tura Town and envisages tapping of Daribok Stream located in Nokrek Range near Daribokgre through construction of RCC Weir and conveying the flow of Raw Water by Gravity through a 400mm f. MS Gravity Main for a length of about 29.07 Km to the existing Water Treatment Plant constructed earlier under the original scheme.

Though there was no opposition at the initial Stages of Implementation, however, sometime in January 2013, JAC voiced their opinion on tapping of “ Daribok Stream ” for Tura Town Water Supply Scheme on the apprehension that Daribok Stream is the biggest tributary of Simsang River and that Construction of Dam across the stream and tapping of the source will adversely affect the flow of Simsang River with Villagers residing along the River downstream upto Williamnagar will be deprived of the facilities of Catching & Selling Fishes for their livelihood.

Following the Stalement in not getting the issue resolved amicably, the source of the project is now shifted to that of Ganolsa Stream, a Tributary of Ganol River. About 85.45% of the Project is completed. Release of 4th Instalment of Fund due for the Project (₹ 1250.00 Lakhs) have not also materialized till date.

3. Jowai

The existing water supply in Jowai town is by pumping water from Myntdu River. The scheme was implemented in two Phases namely Phase-I&II in the year 1980 & 1985 at a cost of Rs.95.00 Lakhs & Rs.25.00 Lakhs respectively.

There was all round public resentment against tapping of water from the existing Myntdu River, where sewage, sullage, garbage of the major part of the Jowai town is disposed. Further, the design period of the existing scheme will reach by the year 2004 & there is a need to take up new schemes to meet the water demand of the entire population. Accordingly the Renovation Scheme for Jowai town was formulated, which was technically cleared by the Ministry of Urban Development & Poverty Alleviation, CPHEEO, New Delhi vide on 25.10.2002 for an amount of Rs.1541.13 Lakhs. The proposal envisages pumping of water from an alternative source, laying of distribution network in portion damaged & inaccessible for repairing due to coming up of innumerable RCC structures over the pipe line alignment, so as to stop wastage of water & minimize the loss in transmission The scheme has been included by DONER (Dept. for development of North Eastern Region) for funding under Non Lapsable Central Pool of Resources (NLCPR) during 2002-03. The work for the scheme is nearing completion.

The Clear Water Pumping System, Main & Zonal Reservoirs including the New Distribution Networks of the Town have since been successfully tested & commissioned. All House Service Consumers of Jowai Town numbering 2168 Nos. have switched over to the New Distribution Networks where UFW had been brought within the permissible limit. Consequent upon commissioning of the Clear Water Pumping System including commissioning of new Distribution Network System, the Scheme is now in a position to meet the Daily Water Requirement of about 4.5 Mld. Raw Water Pumping Machineries for both Raw Water Stage I and Raw Water Stage II Pumping System installed and being tested and commissioned shortly on charging of Power Lines.Out of the Project Cost of ₹ 1541.13 lakhs, the expenditure on the Project is ₹ 1471.28 lakhs.

4. Baghmara

The water supply to erstwhile Baghmara Civil Sub-Division Complex including 16 (sixteen) enroute villages was administratively sanctioned in March 1987 which was subsequently revised in March 1994. The scheme was completed and commissioned in March/1995. The local people from both Baghmara town and its 16 (sixteen) enroute villages have been greatly benefitted by this water supply, tapping “Rongdong Stream” which is at a distance of 45km from Baghmara town and conveying water through 200mm dia MS pipe line along Siju - Karukol PWD Road. The supply of treated water was arranged from Treatment Plant located at Jaisrugittim, having a capacity of 0.75MLD, to 16 (sixteen) enroute villages and then upto Baghmara Civil Sub-Division Complex Head quarter and the adjoining localities for more than 22 (twenty two) years from the year of commissioning of the scheme. The scheme is functioning & water is supplied to Baghmara town, Baghmara District Head Quarter & en-route villages.

As the existing water supply arrangement in Baghmara town is inadequate, an improvement scheme was sanctioned in the year 2001 at an estimated cost of Rs.386.10 Lakhs to benefit an ultimate population of 17000 @ 70 LPCD. The scheme is under Accelerated urban Water Supply Program (AUWSP) of Govt. of India to be funded on 50:50 basis by State & Central Govt. The scheme has a provision to draw water from the Simsang River by 2(two) nos. of 85HP submersible pumpset and 1(one) pumpset as standby. The water from the well is pumped to a height of 150m. to the Treatment Plant located in RC Mission Compound, having a capacity of 1.19MLD, conveyed through 200 mm dia pumping main to a distance of 950m. The treated water is stored in the Main Clear Water Reservoir and distribution to the localities is done through a network of distribution pipeline, to cover the localities of RC Mission Compound, Wagesik, Malikona, Block Area and Hospital Area. The scheme has since been completed.

Areas of Baghmara town have expanded manifold and many new localities have come up during the recent past. As such, many new localities are without water supply. With a view to provide safe and adequate water supply, ensuring universal access to water, for a population, which total upto 22053 till 2017, under Urban areas of Baghmara and also to solve water problem in all the localities , a new scheme “Augmentation of Baghmara Civil Sub-Division Complex and its 16 (sixteen) enroute villages water supply scheme is being proposed from the same source “Rongdong”.

5. Sohra/Cherrapunjee

At present there are three gravity feed schemes for Cherrapunjee town namely (1) Upper Cherra WSS (2) Middle Cherra WSS (3) Lower Cherra WSS. However, due to reduction in discharge of the sources for these schemes & increase in population, the present water supply is not sufficient. For solving water scarcity of Cherrapunjee town, a Scheme was sanctioned under Central Sector Accelerated Rural Water Supply Program (ARWSP) for Rs.413.24 Lakhs in the year 1999.The scheme envisages covering 17habitations with ultimate population to be benefited is25451. 70% of the population will be supplied @ 70 LPCD &balance 30% @ 40 LPCD. The scheme has since been completed.

6. Resubelpara & Mendipathar

Mendipathar WSS was sanctioned in the year 26th March 1978 for an amount of Rs. 17.25 Lakhs under State Sector Rural Water Supply Scheme. It commenced in the year 1978 and completed in the year 1983.This scheme covers 7(Seven) habitations namely i) Mendipathar-A ii) Mendipathar-B iii) Mendipathar Garo iv) Mendipathar Rabha v)Mendipathar Bazaar vi) Babupara vii) Salpara which falls under the Resubelpara Municipal area, North Garo Hills District.

Mendipathar town is approximately 5.00 Kms from Resubelpara, the district headquarter of North Garo Hills.
It is a gravity scheme and the name of the source of this scheme is Rongram which is located at a distance of approx. 7(Seven) kms from the main town of Mendipathar. The main component of this scheme are R.C.C weir, Simplified treatment plant with capacity 0.50 MLD, Zonal reservoirs, 150mm dia. G.I gravity main etc.

Since, it is a very old scheme the original treatment plant of the scheme has been damaged. So, in the year 1994, Simplified Treatment Plant with the capacity of 0.50MLD and Zonal Reservoirs were constructed under the Improvement of Mendipathar WSS. Again in the year 2013, Horizontal Roughing Filter was constructed to check the high turbidity content caused by the emergence of new villages on the upstream of the source, uncontrolled jhumming and clearing of forest for rubber plantation.

Resubelpara Civil Sub-Divisional Complex WSS was sanctioned in the year 26th March 1997 for an amount of Rs. 385.90 Lakhs under State Sector Rural Water Supply Scheme. It commenced in the year 1998 and completed in the year 2009.This scheme covers 11(Eleven) habitations namely i) Resu Bakrapara ii) Resu Haluapara iii) Nokchelpara iv) Rongdiping v) Nangaburi vi) Gajingpara vii) Chibagok viii) Jonglapara ix) Bolsaldamgre x) Tekachang xi) Resubelpara which falls under the Resubelpara Municipal area, North Garo Hills District.

It is a gravity scheme and the name of the source of this scheme is Galwangsa which is located at a distance of approx. 14(fourteen) kms from the main town of Resubelpara. The main component of this scheme are R.C.C weir, Simplified treatment plant with capacity 1.65 MLD, Zonal reservoirs, 250 mm dia. M.S gravity main etc.

Around 20 years have passed since its inception and the though the scheme was successful in its initial years, the quality of the water has come down due to its high turbidity because of the emergence of the new villages on the the upstream of the source, uncontrolled jhumming and clearing of forest for rubber plantation. To counter this turbidity problem a new Horizontal Roughing Filter was constructed but the result was not satisfactory. The people of the above mentioned localities are not getting sufficient water due to the increase in population and drying up of the source.

So, a new scheme “Resubelpara Urban Water Supply Scheme” was prepared and submitted to the Government which is yet to get sanctioned.

7. Khliehriat

Water Supply in Khliehriat is by a gravity scheme completed in the year 1982 with an amount of Rs.9.26 Lakhs. The scheme was functioning satisfactorily up to 1996 .Due to coal mining activity at the upstream of the intake point the water became acidic and was unfit for human consumption. Accordingly, the gravity scheme was abandoned.11 nos. of hand pumps were installed for immediate relief in the year 1997. Presently, 9 nos. of hand pumps are functioning & 2 nos. are defunct due to collapse of bores.

For permanent solution of drinking water to Khliehriat area, a pumping scheme covering Rymbai, Khliehriat & surrounding villages has been sanctioned recently under State Sector Rural Water Supply Programme. The Scheme envisages tapping of Spring Source called “Phe Phe” located in the Village Reserve Forest of Rymbai, whereafter, water collected in the sump will be pumped into RCC overhead reservoir at Rymbai to supply by gravity to low lying areas again through pumping to the high elevated areas. The works for which is in progress.

8. Williamnagar

Williamnagar, named after the first Chief Minister of the State Captain Williamson A. Sangma, is the headquarter of the East Garo Hills District of Meghalaya. Situated on the banks of the longest river of Meghalaya “Simsang” river, it has witnessed ever increasing population in the last 10 – 15 years. As per 2011 census, Williamnagar has a population of nearly 30000 people. At present, there are nearly 35000 people living in the town.

The Supply of water to Williamnagar Town is being made from 2 (two) nos of Schemes: 1) Simsanggre Water Supply Scheme (Pumping) with source from Simsang River commissioned in the year 1990, and 2) Augmentation of Simsanggiri Water Supply Scheme (Gravity & Pumping) with source from Chibok stream and commissioned in the year 1998-99.

The Simsanggre Water Supply Scheme (Pumping) pumps the raw water from the Simsang river to the treatment plant located in Nokil Awe area of the town; thereby providing the much needed raw water in addition to gravity scheme to meet the water demand of the town. In case of Augmentation of Simsanggiri Water Supply Scheme the incoming raw water from Chibok stream is through gravitational flow. The raw water from these two sources are subjected to treatment in the treatment plant through Flocculation chamber, Rapid Sand Filter units, Chlorination chamber and treated water is stored in the clear water reservoir located on the ground. This treated water is then pumped into the Main Reservoir for supply to consumers. The daily water requirement of the town is about 2.0 MLD by a population of 24597. Presently, supply is made twice a day: 2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the evening. While the Augmentation of Simsanggiri Water Supply Scheme injects raw water from Chibok Stream, tapped by construction of c. c Weir, with 200 mm dia MS pipe (13 km long), with 400 m underground river crossing arrangement of Simsang River; the Simsanggre Water Supply Scheme (Pumping) pumps raw water from Simsang River with 150 mm dia MS Pipe (250 m).

The PHE Department have already initiated action to augment the water supply position in Williamnagar town and accordingly, the “Simsanggiri Water Supply Scheme” was and sent to the Government of India, Ministry of Urban Development for funding under 10% Lump Sum Provision for Infra Structure Development of North Eastern Region. The proposed scheme envisages tapping from perennial stream named “Jadi” flowing at approximately 18.00 kms from the town. The scheme is yet to be sanctioned.

9. Nongpoh

Nongpoh WSS, a gravity feed scheme, was sanctioned for Rs.98.17 Lakhs during 84-85 & commissioned in the year 1987-88 covering Nongpoh & its adjoining villages. The intake point of the source for Nongpoh WSS became polluted because of man made activities. To improve the quality of water, the shifting of the intake point was necessary, as also the distribution network was required to be extended to hitherto uncovered areas & new habitations in and around Nongpoh. Accordingly a Quality Improvement Scheme was sanctioned in the year 1997 at a cost of Rs.110.57 Lakhs, which has since been completed.

A scheme for augmentatation of Nongpoh WSS was posed to DONER for funding under NLCPR due to increase in water demand consequent to up gradation as town as also increase in population. The scheme has since been completed.

Photos of Water Supply Schemes in Nongpoh Town

10. Nongstoin

The existing Schemes implemented under Nongstoin Town Area

Improvement of New Nongstoin Water Supply Scheme.
Old Nongstoin Water Supply Scheme.
Nongpyndeng Water Supply Scheme.
Siejlieh Water Supply Scheme.
Mawrusyiar Tiehsaw Water Supply Scheme.
Mawrusyiar Water Supply Scheme.
Mawkhlam Water Supply Scheme.
Pyndengrei Water Supply Scheme.
Mawkadiang Nongkaniang Water Supply Scheme.
Nongjyllieh Water Supply Scheme.
Mawkawah Water Supply Scheme.
Mawrok Porsohsat Water Supply Scheme.
Khliehmawlieh Water Supply Scheme

Out of the above 13 (thirteen) Schemes implemented, all the schemes has crossed the design limit except Improvement of New Nongstoin Water Supply Scheme which has been commissioned recently during the year 2014.

In order to Augment the need of all the villages/localities under Nongstoin Town Area, Nongstoin Urban Water Supply Scheme has been sanctioned during March 2011 but the demand of water has been kept at 95LPCD keeping in view the existing water supply scheme as mentioned above is supplying water @ of 40LPCD. The work for the project is in progress. Improvement of New Nongstoin Water Supply Scheme and Mawiong Lumsyntiew Water Supply Scheme has been sanctioned recently for which works will also be taken up.

Photos of Water Supply Schemes in Nongstoin Town

11. Mairang

Mairang WSS taken up in the year 1980 was commissioned in the year 1986 with an amount of Rs.78.47 Lakhs for supply of water @ 40 LPCD. Some villages under Mairang township namely (1) Mawsawa (2) Sangshong (3) Mairang Bah (4) Mairang Mission East (5) Mawlong (6) Doummaralong are not getting sufficient water due to expansion of town & increase in population. Further with declaration of Mairang as town as per 2001 census, supply level is also needs to be increased to 70 LPCD, as per the norms of Govt. of India. An augmentation proposal was sanctioned during 2005-06 for an amount of Rs. 806.56 Lakhs funded under NLCPR. The works for the newly sanctioned scheme will be started during 2006-07. The scheme was completed in the year 2011 covered around 19 localities which falls under Mairang town, the localities are 1. Sangshong, 2. Domktung, 3. Holy Cross, 4. Dommawlum, 5. Domdirin, 6. Mawsawa, 7. Dong-gate, 8. Dongbir, 9. Langstiehrim, 10. Dongwar, 11. Block-area, 12. Dongmaram, 13. Lumkor, 14. Domiew, 15. Dommaralong, 16. Mairang Mission East, 17. Mairangbah, 18. Dewsaw & 19. Mairang Mission West.

12. Mawkyrwat

The water supply in Mawkyrwat, the District Headquarter of the newly created South West Khasi Hills District, is being provided through Mawkyrwat WSS, which was improved recently through Improvement of Mawkyrwat WSS, sanctioned during 2006-07 and is supplying drinking water at the rate of 40LPCD.It is a pumping scheme drawing water from “Wahsala stream”.The adjacent villages /areas like Laitlawsang which is a Government establishment area, water is being supplied sufficiently through Mawkyrwat GAD Complex WSS sanctioned during 2013-14. For Mawten, Nonglang and Mawlangwir villages, water is being supplied through Mawten WSS, Nonglang WSS and old Mawkyrwat WSS respectively. All these are pumping schemes and with the increase in population and old age of the schemes, the supply has become inadequate especially in Nonglang and Mawlangwir village.

Photos of Mawkyrwat GAD Complex WSS

13. Amlarem

Amlarem WSS was taken up in the year 1981 for an amount of Rs.8.26 Lakhs. The scheme was commissioned in the year 1984.A renovation estimate for Amlarem WSS was taken up in the year 2000 for an amount of Rs.24.36 Lakhs and was completed in March 2002.At present there is no shortage of water supply and people are getting water as per the norm of 40 LPCD (Litres per capita per day)

Few Important Projects under Implementation:-

1. New Shillong Water Supply Project

i) The Project which was sanctioned in the year 2014, at an estimated cost of ₹ 321.00 Crores under SPA is intended to supply water to New Shillong Areas by tapping of the River Umkhen flowing in the vicinity.

ii) Implementation of the Project have been initiated by the Department.

2. Greater Ampati Water Supply Project

The Project which was sanctioned in the year 2013, at an estimated cost of ₹ 139.73 Crores under SPA is intended to supply water to Ampati, the District Headquarter of South West Garo Hills District including 74 Villages in and around Ampati by tapping of the River Ganol.
Implementation of the Scheme was delayed due to the opposition for tapping of Ganol River in the upstream reaches near Misimaggre by Ganol River Management Association.
Alternatively, arrangement have been made by the Department and tapping point of the Project have now been shifted further downstream near Balkaware.
Implementation of the Project have been initiated by the Department.

3. Nongstoin Urban Water Supply Scheme

Sanctioned for funding under State Plan at a Cost of ₹ 133.94 crores in 2011. The project is intended to augment water supply to Nongstoin Town.
Though taking up of the Project was delayed due to non-availability of adequate fund, implementation of the Project is now well in progress.

Few Important Projects in Pipeline Awaiting Sanction

1. New Water Supply Projects would be taken up for Improvement and Augmentation of water supply to all Urban Centers that may come up along with Census 2011 including District Head and Sub:Divisional Headquarters. DPR prepared by the Department have since been submitted to GoI, MoUD for consideration and are under active consideration by GoI.. These Projects are :

Sl. No.	Name of Project	Areas of Coverage
1.	GSWSS (Phase IV)	5 New Urban Centres of SUA viz. Mawpat, Umpling, Lawsohtun, Umlyngka & Nongkseh.
2.	Augmentation of Simsanggiri Water Supply Project	Williamnagar Town and its adjoining 35 villages.
3.	Augmentation of Resubelpara Water Supply Project	Resubelpara Town and its adjoining 13 villages.
4.	Greater Dalu Water Supply Project	Dalu and its adjoining 26 villages

2. DPR is also being finalized for one Project for submission to Government of India.

Sl. No.	Name of Project	Areas of Coverage
1.	Nongpoh Water Supply Scheme	Nongpoh Township and its adjoining areas