Urban Water Supply Programme

All the urban centres of the State have been provided with water supply. However, to augment the supply, schemes are taken up under the programme. Urban Water Supply Schemes are funded under three programmes:-

Major Schemes under Urban sector are:-

Greater Shillong Water Supply Scheme (GSWSS):

• Greater Shillong Water Supply Scheme - A report
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Project Objective: The project is a continuing programme by the State Government to provide water supply facilities to its capital city Shillong and the adjoining areas to keep pace with the increasing demand from population growth.

Project Description: The project with a designed period of 30 years and 1978 as the base year is intended to cater potable water supply to an urban and sub-urban population of 3.11 lacs and to a rural population of 0.40 lacs. The ultimate supply shall be 11.30 million gallons of water per day.

The project envisages pumping of water from the River Umiew near Mawphlang against a total head of 321m to the water treatment plant located at Mawphlang village.

The existing water treatment plant of the project commissioned in 1986 is designed to yield 7.5 million gallon of treated water per day. The additional water treatment plant of 3.8 Mgd capacity is under testing. The 2 water treatment plant shall provide a complete treatment of 11.30 Mgd.

Treated water from the plant’s clear water reservoir gravitate to different zonal reservoirs located in different parts of the state capital. Water from the zonal reservoirs are distributed to consumers through a network of distribution system.

Though the project envisages construction of dam, construction of dam could not earlier be taken up due to fund constraint. Temporary flexible weir was instead constructed across the River Umiew immediately downstream of the intake structure to provide the immediate benefit on completion of Phase I. 

Project Estimated Cost: The project which was originally estimated to cost Rs. 2390.00 lacs in 1978 was revised to Rs. 5822.52 lacs in 1993. Further, owing to continuing escalation in cost of materials and labours etc., the cost of the project was re-revised to Rs. 9503.77 lacs in the year 2000. 

The original, revised and re-revised project estimated cost was accorded technical approval by the Ministry of Urban Development, CPHEEO, Government of India. 

Project Financing & Funding: Though the project was taken up for implementation way back in the year 1979, the desired progress over the years could not be achieved in view of limited State Plan Resources leading to time and cost overrun of the project. 

Following the inclusion of the project for financing under Non-Lapsable Central Pool of Resources in the year 1998-99, construction of the mass gravity concrete dam was possible. An amount of Rs. 3579.00 lacs has been received under NLCPR for the project. The details are indicated herein below :

Sl. No.	Year	Amount Received
1.	1998-1999	379
2.	1999-2000	300
3.	2000-2001	650
4.	2001-2002	1000
5	2002-2003	1250
	Grand Total	3579

Project Physical Progress: Following the commissioning of the Phase-I of the project in the year 1986 and the urgent need to construct a dam to impound sufficient water for pumping by the system to cater to the ultimate demand of 11.30 Mgd by 2009, construction of a mass gravity concrete dam of 130m wide and 50m high across the River Umiew at Mawphlang was taken up in 1997 and is now completed. 

With the completion of the Dam, a reservoir of capacity 9.145 million cubic meter has been created to enable pumping of 11.3 Mgd of water to cater to the drinking water needs of a total 3,51,000 population. 

The distribution networks of the state capital was divided under 9 zones. Works on all the 9 zones have been completed as indicated herein below: 

Sl. No.	Zone No	Area of Coverage
1	I	Police Bazar, Jail Road, Oak Land, Assembly Areas
2	II	Lachumiere, Secretariat Hill
3	III	Laitumkhrah
4	IV	Malki, Dhankheti Area
5	V	Nongthymmai, Umpling, Rynjah
6	VI	Pasteur Institute, Lawmali, Part of Mawlai Mawroh, Polo Bazar, Polo Hills, Forest Colony, Nongmali
7	VIII	Mawlai
8	IX	Laban, Bishnupur, Rilbong, Kench’s Trace
9	X	Mawprem, Jaïaw, Mawkhar, South East Mawkhar, Barapathar

Project Financial Progress: The project has incurred an expenditure of Rs.9263.26 lacs as on 31.03.2005. Out of which, the expenditure under State Plan is Rs.5684.26 lacs and the expenditure under Non-Lapsable Central Pool of Resources is Rs. 3579.00 lacs. Utilisation certificate for the full utilisation of the fund including photographs etc. have been forwarded to DONER.

Conclusion : The inclusion of the project for funding under Non-Lapsable Central Pool of Resources in the year 1998-99 and the subsequent release of adequate fund thereafter has enabled the Department to achieve the desired progress on construction of dam and has also enable the Department to take up implementation of the remaining zones of distribution system. The project has  since completed.

The Schemes was taken up for implementation in two stages. The Phase-I of the Scheme was completed in mid eighties .For Phase-II, all the major works except testing of some of the distribution lines in Lachumiere & Sectt. Hill, Nongthymmai area, Polo area & Malki Area, commissioning of 3.8 MGD treatment Plants & some other minor works are completed. The scheme is likely to be completed by 31.3.06 in all respect. The Supply position will increase in the capital city with the completion of the Scheme & replacement of pumping machineries of Ist Stage & 2nd stage Pumping Machineries. The project was taken up for execution with Limited State Plan resources, exce pt for one time LIC loan of Rs.250.00 Lakhs received during 1982-83, due to which the desired progress could not be made in the past years. However in the year 1998-99, the scheme was included for financing under Non Lapsable Central Pool of Resources (NLCPR) & an amount of Rs.3579.00 Lakhs was received under Central Pool for execution of the Scheme(mainly Dam) . The remaining fund for implementation of the project was provided from State plan resources.

Modification of pumping machineries & replacement of treatment units of GSWSS”:-

The estimate for the purpose was  initially administratively approved for an amount of Rs. 1866.42 Lakhs during 2004-05 and subsequently revised to . The Scheme was formulated to take care of the following:-

Replacement of pumps of second stage pumping system

Install VVVF (Variable Voltage variable frequency) drives which could maintain stable output voltage & frequency thereby enabling controlling generated flow of water during the process of pumping. High variation in frequency is harmful to the machineries & equipments. This adversely affected the efficiency of the pumping system. Due to variation in frequency, the system was unable to deliver the water to the Treatment Plant & accordingly three stage pumping was introduced in GSWSS. With the installation of the system, the third stage pumping system will be completely do away with , reducing the energy cost and operation & maintenance cost for the scheme. However, this effect will only be felt in the long run.

The proposal also has provision for modernization of power system, which comprises construction of a 33/6.6 KV sub station, replacement of 2 nos. 33/6.6 KV, 2.5 MVa transformers (which has been subjected to heavy weathering), replacement of current carrying of cables to cater power to the increased capacity of motors.

The estimate has also provision for replacement of existing manually operated valves with sophisticated pneumatic valve with pneumatic cylinder & 3 points electrical signal, replacement of air compressor & different drives installed at 7.5 MGD treatment Plant.

There is a provision for complete automation with visualization system for operation of different units of the plants in the. This would not only help achieving correct operation of machineries but also ensure providing timely information on the need for timely maintenance of these machineries.

“Replacement of Pumping Machineries of Ist Stage Pumping Machineries of GSWSS”:- These first stage pumps & motors (total 6 nos.) were procured originally in the year 1981 & put into operation in the year 1986 after completion of infrastructure of the Phase-I of the scheme. The designed life of pumping machineries is 15 years. The pumps procured for GSWSS has been in operation for about 20 years & has outlived the designed life. Due to continuous running for 24 hours a day since 1986, 2 nos. of these first stage pumps & motors have become unserviceable as a result of wear and tear. Further, efficiency of the remaining four nos. of pumps & motors has come down considerably and there is frequent breakdown of these first stage pumps & motors. Accordingly the proposal was taken up. The work has been entrusted to M/S Voltas.

The works are in progress for automation etc. Replacement of machineries have been completed.

Projects under Non Lapsable Central Pool of Resources(NLCPR)
Apart from  construction of Dam under GSWSS Phase-II ,these three   Schemes were  funded by DONER under NLCPR and completed :-

• Tura Phase-III WSS.
• Nongpoh Urban WSS.
• Mairang WSS

The details are as below:-

Tura Phase-III WSS: -

Tura Phase-I WSS was taken up during 1968 as a gravity feed scheme to cover the ultimate population of 50,000. The scheme was completed in 1972 at a total cost of Rs.79.35 Lakhs. The discharge of the “Rongkhon” river, source of Tura Phase-I WSS started reducing considerably reaching an all time low during March 1978, resulting in acute water crisis in Tura town. This compelled the dept. to go in for Tura Phase-II WSS by pumping water from “Ganol” river to the existing Treatment Plant of Tura Phase-I WSS. The scheme was taken up in 1980 at a total cost of Rs.2.28 crores. With the increase in population, many new localities also came up in Tura, which were without water supply. Hence, the Phase-II estimate was revised to accommodate all hitherto uncovered areas of Tura and the revised estimate was sanctioned in 1984 at a total cost of Rs.4.82 crore. The scheme was designed for an ultimate population of 87827 with 1997 as the ultimate year. The population of Tura town is fast increasing and 37 new localities have come up in and around new Tura area, which are without any water supply. The present population of Tura town as per the certificate of the DC, Tura is 90,501.Tura Phase-III WSS is proposed as a separate gravity scheme to cover newly developed localities. Out of the total population of 90,501people, 32225 people of the newly grown area will be covered by the proposed scheme. The balance population of 58276 people will be continued to be fed from the existing Tura Phase-II WSS. Tura Phase-III water supply scheme was sanctioned by Govt. of India, Ministry of Urban Development on 7.10.2002 for an amount of Rs.2160.24 Lakhs. This project was funded under NLCPR. The work has started from 2003-04 & since completed.

Nongpoh WSS:-

Ri Bhoi District is one the Districts of Meghalaya which came into existence and assumed the hierarchical status of the District on the 4th June 1992 by upgrading the former Civil Sub-Division. The District was carved out from the erstwhile East Khasi Hills District and lies between North Latitudes and 260 15' and between East Longitudes 910 45' and 920 15'. Presently, the District is bounded on the North by the Kamrup, Morigoan and Nagoan Districts of Assam , on the East by the Karbi Anglong District of Assam, on the South by East Khasi Hills & West Khasi Hills Districts and on the West by the West Khasi District. Ri Bhoi District contains an area of 2448.00 Sq.kms.

Nongpoh is the district head quarter is at a distance of 53 km from Shillong the capital of Meghalaya. The main road network to reach the State capital from Assam side is the Guwahati- Shillong - Silchar Road (National Highway No. 6 & 44).

The district consists of three Community & Rural Development Blocks they are Jirang, Umling & Umsning. In umling Block also the villages is classify as Urban & Rural villages. The major source of employment of the people is Agriculture. Some people are also engaged in trade and other Govt. services. The land of Ri Bhoi District is very fertile and suitable for a variety of agricultural crops. The main crops are rice, wheat, maize, different types of vegetables and various types of fruits. The average annual rainfall received in the district is 185mm.

Nongpoh has been classified as ‘Town’ since the census of 2001.  At present, the town consists of 19 main localities, which were earlier having status of rural areas. The town covers an area of about 40 Sq. Km. With the transition of the rural areas in to urban areas into the localities of town, the water supply is to be provided to the town as per the urban norms laid down by the CPHEEO, Ministry of Urban Development, GOI, which is 70 LPCD and consequently Nongpoh (Urban) was design for the above norms. Nongpoh Urban Water Supply Scheme was sanctioned during the year 31st March 2007 by the ministry of DONER (under Non-lapsable Central pool of resources) at an estimated cost of Rs. 17,46,72,500.00 (Rupees seventeen crores forty six lakhs seventy two thousands rive hundred) only covering 14th villages Viz i. Umshangling ii. Umduba iii. Mawderon iv. Mawdiangum v. lewmawlong vi. Saiden vii. Mawroh viii. Pahamsyiem ix. Mawpdang x. Nongpoh Proper xi. Diphu xii. Pahammarai xiii. Pahamrioh Them and xiv. Umjarasi with an ultimate population of 45683 people. The provision of the scheme is design for 90% population with house connection and the rest 10% with Public stand post. The Scheme was completed on 31st March 2010.

I. Technical Aspects:

1. Type of Source                       :         River ‘Umran’
2. Type of Scheme                      :         Gravity
3. Dry Weather Discharge             :         86.00 Lits/sec
(based on past 10 years flow
measurement)      
4. Type of Intake                         :         R.C.C. Weir
5. Distance From 1st Village           :         19.45 Km
6. Rate of Supply proposed            :      @ 70 LPCD for 90% of the Population and 40  
LPCD for the remaining 10% Population
7. Type of Treatment Proposed       :         Rapid Gravity Water T.P (Sedimentation,
Filtration & Storage of 3.0 MLD Capacity)                   
8. Capacity of Clear Water Reservoir :         900.00 Kld
9. Type of Pipes Proposed for The     :         M.S. And G.I. Pipes
Scheme
10. For Gravity Main M.S/G.I. / C.I  :       M.S. Pipe    
11. Total length of Gravity Main       :       19,450.00 Rm (Adjacent & Parallel to  
Existing M.S Gravity pipe line)
12. Size of The Gravity Main           :         250 mm Dia
13. For Distribution System G.I. /   :         G.I Pipe
PVC/ C.I etc.
14. Size of Distribution System G.I. Pipes: 15mm Ø To 150 Mm Ø.

II.  Cost aspect:

• Total Estimated Cost Of The Scheme : ₹ 17,46,72,500.00   

Miscellaneous work: Miscellaneous works like providing approach road from PWD road to Treatment Plant, Compound Lighting etc are constructed to ensure smooth & proper maintenance of the scheme.
Protection Work : as the site of the Water Treatment Plant is on the slope of a hill, Retaining wall around the WTP, reservoirs to prevent landslip etc as the soil characteristic of the site is prone to landslide, was constructed
Fencing Work :  Fencing around the Treatment Plant and Zonal Reservoirs were provided  so that intrusion of unauthorized persons and animals are prevented.

Mairang  WSS:-

Mairang WSS taken up in the year 1980 was commissioned in the year 1986 with an amount of Rs.78.47 Lakhs for supply of water @ 40 LPCD. Some villages under Mairang township namely (1) Mawsawa (2) Sangshong (3) Mairang Bah (4) Mairang Mission East (5) Mawlong (6) Dommaralong are not getting sufficient water due to expansion of town & increase in population. Further with declaration of Mairang as town as per 2001 census, supply level is also needs to be increased to 70 LPCD, as per the norms of Govt. of India. An augmentation proposal scheme namely Implementation of the project for Renovation of Mairang WSS was sanctioned during 2005-06 for an amount of Rs. 769.27 Lakhs funded under NLCPR. The works for the scheme was started during the month of September 2006. The scheme was completed in the year 2011 covered around 19 localities which falls under Mairang town, the localities are 1. Sangshong, 2. Domktung, 3. Holy Cross, 4. Dommawlum, 5. Domdirin, 6. Mawsawa, 7. Dong-gate, 8. Dongbir, 9. Langstiehrim, 10. Dongwar, 11. Block-area, 12. Dongmaram, 13. Lumkor, 14. Domiew, 15. Dommaralong, 16.  Mairang Mission East, 17. Mairangbah, 18. Dewsaw & 19. Mairang Mission West.

Ongoing Projects under NLCPR:-

Apart from these, there are 9 Projects , which are ongoing, of which 2 nos. are physically completed. Details of these nine Projects are as below:-

Sl. No.	Name of Schemes	Year of Sanction	Sanctioned Amount (Rs. In Lakhs)	State Share(Rs. In Lakhs)	DONER Share (Rs. In Lakhs)	Physical Progress in %
1	Renovation of Jowai WSS	2003-04	1541.13	154.11	1387.02	92
2	Mawsynram WSS	2009-10	388.38	38.84	349.54	100
3	Greater Sohryngkham WSS	2009-10	670.24	67.02	603.22	100
4	Greater Umsning WSS	2009-10	1128.28	112.83	1015.45	85
5	Greater Raliang WSS	2009-10	2156.20	215.62	1940.58	60
6	Ialong Combined WSS	2010-11	459.84	45.98	413.86	80
7	Greater Umroi WSS	2010-11	920.36	92.04	828.32	91
8	Upper Shillong Water Supply Project	2010-11	3302.36	330.24	2972.12	62
9	Selsella WSS	2012-13	1204.00	120.40	1083.60	84
Total			11770.79	1177.08	10593.71

Renovation of Jowai WSS: -

The original Phase-I Water Supply Scheme for Jowai town was started in 1974 & was commissioned in 1980 at a cost of Rs.95.00 Lakhs. The scheme envisaged pumping of water from Myntdu River, which was flowing by the side of the town. The ultimate designed population of the scheme was 39,000 to attain by 2004. The existing treatment plant has a capacity of 1.50 MGD.

River Myntdu has become highly polluted during the past years as numbers of stone quarries have come up on the upstream side of the river. Further, since Myntdu River surrounds the Jowai town, all the sewage & sullage effluents of the town are discharged in the river. There is a persistent demand for making alternative arrangement for supplying water to Jowai town. Apart from this, there are substantial water losses from the laid distribution system as structures /roads have come up on most length of the pipes, especially in congested areas due to rapid growth of town. Moreover, most length of pipes has outlived their lives.

Further the design period of the existing scheme has reached by 2004 & hence there is the necessity to take up new scheme to meet the water demand of the entire population.

To overcome the above mentioned problem an alternative river pumping scheme from ”Umngot” river was sanctioned by Govt. of India, Ministry of Urban Development on 25.10.2002 for an amount of Rs.1541.13 Lakhs. The project was  funded under NLCPR.